Styes in Brief

A stye is a common problem resulting from a bacterial infection that blocks an eyelash follicle. The infection causes a small, red, painful bump to form at the base of the eyelash. Generally, the stye enlarges over several days as the infected follicle fills with pus. It usually subsides within three to seven days, or it may rupture. The bump should not be squeezed; doing so may spread the infection and cause other styes to develop. In addition, the bacteria that produce styes are contagious, so care should be taken to avoid touching the eyes or sharing towels, washcloths and cosmetics.

Styes are not a serious health risk, and they do not affect vision. Although styes often recur, they usually respond well to self-treatment. In some cases, however, an untreated stye may lead to cellulitis (a more widespread infection of the skin) of the eyelid.

Symptoms

• A small, red, painful bump at the base of an eyelash
• A gritty sensation or a feeling that there is something in the eye
• Excessive watering of the affected eye

Prevention

Avoid touching the eyes. Wash hands frequently with soap and warm water. Do not share towels or washcloths, and change your towels and pillowcase often. Do not share eye makeup; replace cosmetics every four to six months.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis can usually be made upon visual inspection and does not normally require a visit to the doctor. If an abscess occurs, a culture of the pus is taken to identify the infectious agent.

Treatment

Hold a warm compress (a soft, clean towel or cloth that has been soaked in warm water and wrung out) against the affected eye for 10 to 15 minutes. Repeat the procedure two to four times a day until the stye drains (usually three to seven days). Use a clean, new compress each time so as not to perpetuate the infection. Do not squeeze the stye; let it drain on its own.

Call a doctor if a stye does not respond to self-treatment within a week or two, or if it enlarges despite treatment. Antibiotic eye drops or ointment may be prescribed. Use as directed, and be careful not to allow the tip of the bottle or tube to touch the eyes. A doctor may lance and drain a stye if it persists or enlarges despite treatment.

Last Updated: 1/15/2003
The Johns Hopkins University 1996-2003.  All rights reserved.  This information is not intended to provide advice on personal medical matters, nor is it intended to be a substitute for consultation.