A sample of vaginal discharge is obtained with a cotton swab or wooden spatula and spread on glass slides, which are examined under a microscope. The test is typically done in women who are experiencing symptoms such as vaginal itching, pain, odor or abnormal discharge to identify viral, fungal and parasitic infections of the vagina (vaginitis). A gynecologist or a nurse practitioner performs the test. Do not douche for 24 hours before the test. You will be asked to disrobe from the waist down and put on a drape or hospital gown. You will lie on an examining table with your knees bent and feet resting in stirrups. A small metal or plastic instrument called a speculum is inserted into your vagina to hold the vaginal walls slightly open. This may cause slight discomfort, but it is not painful. Relax and breathe deeply through your mouth to ease insertion. The examiner inserts a sterile, moist cotton swab or wooden spatula into the vagina to collect a sample of vaginal secretions; the sample is spread on glass slides, which are examined under a microscope. The speculum is withdrawn. The test usually takes about 2 to 3 minutes. There are no risks or complications. After the test, you may dress and return to your normal activities. A physician will examine the slides under a microscope for the presence of unusual cells. Possible causes of vaginitis include yeast infection (caused by a fungus called Candida albicans , a parasitic infection called trichomoniasis, and bacterial infection. If a definitive diagnosis can be made, appropriate treatment will be initiated. In some cases, such as the parasitic infection trichomoniasis, your sexual partner should be treated as well. Last Updated: 1/15/2003
The Johns Hopkins University 1996-2003. All rights reserved. This information is not intended to provide advice on personal medical matters, nor is it intended to be a substitute for consultation.
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